A systematic review of measures of medication adherence in consumers with unipolar depression

Objective

To identify and evaluate the range of adherence measures used to assess different phases of medication adherence (initiation, implementation, and discontinuation) to antidepressants, including the psychometric properties of the measures.

Impulse control disorders in chronic migraine with medication overuse after onabotulinumtoxinA: A single-center prospective cohort study

Chronic migraine (CM) with medication overuse headache (MOH) is one of the most common and disabling chronic headache disorders associated with both frequencies of use of medication and behavioral alterations, including psychopathology and psychological drug dependence. Several previous studies on large patient samples have demonstrated the efficacy of Onabotulinum toxin A (OnabotA) on physical symptomatology treatment of headache, but effects on behavioral alterations remain still debate. Our study investigated the effects of OnabotA on psychiatric comorbidities and on quality of life of patients with CM and MOH that failed on traditional therapies. OnabotA was injected, according to the PREEMPT paradigm, 40 patients with CM and MOH and data on headache-related impairment, before and after the OnabotA injections were collected from the patient’s headache diaries. Data on depressive, anxiety symptomatology and impulse control disorders also were collected by means of self-report scales and a semi-structured interview. After six months, patients with CM and MOH showed a significant decrease in monthly headache attacks (from 19.3 ± 5.9 to 11.8 ± 8.5, p = 0.003), monthly headache days (from 23 ± 8.9 to 11.1 ± 6.2, p = 0.001), numbers of analgesics used per month (from 18.2 ± 6.3 to 8.5 ± 4.7, p < 0.0001). The anxiety symptomatology (p ≤ 0.003) and impulse control disorders (from 30% to 10%), but not depressive symptomatology (p = 0.81), were significantly reduced from throughout the study. The treatment with OnabotA proved beneficial effects on anxiety symptomatology and on impulse control disorders in our clinical practice with CM and MOH and further studies should shed light in larger patient samples on long-term behavioural effects.     

马斯洛需要层次论理念的应用对消化内镜诊疗患者依从性及满意度的影响

目的探讨马斯洛需要层次论理念的应用对消化内镜诊疗患者治疗依从性及满意度的影响。 方法选取2018年1月至2019年5月徐州医科大学附属淮安医院行消化内镜诊疗患者96例，按照随机数字表法分成对照组(48例)和观察组(48例)。对照组患者予以实施常规护理干预，观察组患者则在予以常规护理的基础上结合应用马斯洛需要层次论理念实施护理干预。干预后比较两组患者的护理满意度、心理状态、治疗依从性及不良反应发生发生情况。 结果观察组患者的护理满意度(85.42%)显著高于对照组(62.50%)(P<0.05)；观察组患者的SAS、SDS评分显著高于对照组患者(P<0.05)；观察组患者的治疗依从性与积极性均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)；观察组患者的不良反应发生率(4.17%)显著低于对照组(18.75%)，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论在消化内镜诊疗中应用马斯洛需要层次论理念对患者进行护理干预，能够显著提高患者的治疗依从性及护理满意度，减少不良反应的发生，在消化内镜诊疗患者的护理管理中具有显著优势，值得临床上广泛推广。     

Barriers to the use of patient safety information sources by community pharmacies

BackgroundWhen patient safety information is communicated across a regulatory jurisdiction or country, the potential to enhance the safety of community pharmacy practice is significant. While there currently exists a number of sources for patient safety information (e.g., websites, safety bulletins, online tools), knowledge of the barriers that may inhibit the use of such information sources within community pharmacies is limited.ObjectiveThis research explores community pharmacy manager use of Canadian patient safety information sources and the barriers that may limit the use of such sources.MethodsA qualitative research study design using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 15 community pharmacy managers in the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada. The study explored how pharmacists access and engage a variety of information sources, including corporate intranets, websites, and tools provided by third party data base repositories. Interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFive general barriers were identified: lack of time to access information sources and its contents; too many sources of available information; too much information not relevant to community pharmacy practice; complexity navigating online information sources; and lack of community pharmacy involvement in source design.ConclusionWhile pharmacies do use safety information sources to enhance practice safety, their ability to incorporate this information is inhibited by their general lack of time available to access and read safety information, lack of knowledge about where to get this information, and lack of tailored information for the community pharmacy context. Future initiatives should address increasing information awareness of available sources, consolidating and reducing information overload of such sources, and packaging information to better fit with pharmacists’ needs.     

优质护理干预对肺结核患者用药依从性的作用

目的对优质护理干预对肺结核患者用药依从性的作用进行观察。方法选择本院收治的120例肺结核患者作为本次研究的纳入对象,选取时间段为2017年1月-2018年1月,随机将这些患者划分为两组,甲组60例,乙组60例,采用常规护理方式护理甲组患者,在此基础上,应用优质护理干预的方式护理乙组患者,对两组患者的治疗依从性进行分析和比较。结果在经过精心的护理之后,甲组中23例完全依从,23例部分依从,14例不依从,总依从率达到了76.7%,乙组中37例完全依从,21例部分依从,2例不依从,总依从率达到了96.7%。乙组在总依从率方面相对于甲组而言更高(P <0.05)。结论采用优质护理干预的方式护理肺结核患者具有很好的效果,能够使患者的用药依从性得以显著提升,从而进一步保障患者的治疗效果。     

中医药治疗系统性红斑狼疮证型及用药规律演变研究

目的:基于文献整理探讨中医药治疗系统性红斑狼疮(Systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)的证候分类及用药规律演变。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国学术期刊数据库中中医药治疗SLE的相关文献,时间限定为从数据库建立至2018年7月。对证型及药物进行分类并统计分析。结果:纳入文献725篇,总结归纳高频证型11个,出现频次最高的五个证型分别为热毒炽盛证、脾肾两(阳)虚证、阴虚内热(火旺)证、肝肾两(阴)虚证、气阴两虚证,累计频率62.11%。1965-2018年间,阴虚内热(火旺)证呈明显增长趋势;热毒炽盛证、脾肾两(阳)虚证及气阴两虚证在1965-2010年间呈增长趋势,在2011-2018年间呈下降趋势;肝郁气滞(脾虚)证在1965-2018年间呈下降趋势;其余证型均呈动态波动。涉及组方1522个,药物309味,使用15910次,总使用频率最高的5味药分别为生地黄、牡丹皮、茯苓、黄芪、甘草,总累计频率16.42%。使用频率最高药类为清热药和补虚药;生地黄、牡丹皮等清热药的使用频率趋势与热毒炽盛证保持一致,不同年份高频用药大致相似,用药频率存在较小差异。结论:SLE在内以阴阳亏虚为主,在外与热毒侵袭相关,属于本虚标实,其发展与生态环境、社会环境、药物使用等紧密相关,治当以清热凉血、活血祛瘀、益气养阴,并结合个人体质及环境变化辨证治疗。     

临床护理路径用于ICU重症颅脑损伤患者护理中的价值

目的 探讨临床护理路径用于ICU重症颅脑损伤患者护理中的价值。方法 选择2017年11月～2018年10月进行ICU重症颅脑损伤治疗的患者100例作为对象,随机数字表法分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=50)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在其基础上应用临床护理路径,15 d护理后比较患者依从性情况、对患者护理前后心理状态进行评分,对不良并发症产生情况进行比较。结果 观察组康复锻炼依从、按时用药依从及饮食依从高于对照组(P0.05)。护理前两组SDS与SAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),护理后,观察组SDS与SAS评分低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组出现压疮、泌尿感染、以及发热的发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论 将临床护理路径用于ICU重症颅脑损伤患者的护理中,提高了患者的护理依从性,减少了不良情绪以及不良并发症的产生,有助于患者整体治疗,值得推广应用。     

行为护理干预在冠心病患者中的应用价值分析

目的探究对冠心病患者实施行为护理干预开展临床护理的应用价值。方法在2017年1月-2018年2月时间段内,在我院接受治疗的冠心病患者中,选择86例为研究对象,并使用随机数字表法将入选研究对象均分为各43例的常规组与观察组,常规组与观察组的临床护理方案分别为常规护理、行为护理干预,将两组的依从性、并发症发生率对比。结果经过护理后,观察组的用药、饮食、生活行为以及体育锻炼依从性高于常规组,护理满意度较常规组高,且并发症发生率远低于常规组,组间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论采用行为护理干预为冠心病患者开展临床护理,可增强患者健康行为依从性,提高患者满意度。     

The effectiveness of medication reconciliation to prevent medication error: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe impact of medication reconciliation (MR) in low-middle-income countries, including Thailand, may differ from other developed countries.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of medication reconciliation (MR) on the reduction of medication error in Thailand.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, Thai Journals Online, Thai index Medicus, Thai Medical Index, and Health Science Journal in Thailand from inception to January 2018. Studies that evaluated the effect of MR compared to usual care within hospitals in Thailand and reported the occurrence of medication error were included. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects model.ResultsOf the 107 articles retrieved, 7 articles involving 1581 patients were included in quantitative synthesis. Three of the included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT). Overall, the risk of medication error in patients who received MR in all transitions of care was 75% lower than those receiving usual care (RR 0.25; 95%CI 0.15–0.43). The effect on the reduction of medication error appeared higher when MR was provided to ambulatory patients (RR 0.17 [95%CI 0.04–0.80] compared with hospitalized patients during admission (RR 0.37 [95%CI 0.20–0.65]) and discharge (RR 0.27 [95%CI 0.17–0.43]). Effects on reducing medication error was greater when MR was provided in secondary care hospitals compared with primary care hospitals both during admission (RR 0.49 [95%CI, 0.34–0.69] vs RR 0.25 [95%CI, 0.05–1.26]), and discharge transition (RR 0.19 [95%CI, 0.09–0.39] vs RR 0.30 [95%CI, 0.12–0.79]).ConclusionOverall, current evidence indicates that the provision of MR in Thailand is effective in reducing medication errors in all transitions of care. However, to promote patient safety, appropriate strategies should be developed to support MR in specific transition of care and hospital setting so patients can benefit most from this service.